The artist accuses the victim of stealing money from the wallet and threatens to call the police, scaring the victim into returning the allegedly stolen money. Cases have been reported in eastern Europe and major cities or railway stations in China. The aspiring model is told that he will need a portfolio or comp card. The mark will pay an upfront fee to have photos and create his portfolio, after which he will be sent on his way in the hope that his agent will find him work in the following weeks.
In a variation on this scam, the confidence artist is a casting agent involved with the adult entertainment industry. The mark is taken to the artist's office for an interview, in which she is told that she will have to pose for nude photos or shoot a casting video, usually involving sexual acts. Upon her agreement, the mark is sent on her way, as before. She may not have to pay upfront for a portfolio, but any material generated during her "interview" may be used and sold by the confidence artist without any payment to the mark.
Legitimate talent agencies advise that a genuine talent agent will never ask for money up-front, as they make their entire living from commissions on their clients' earnings. This scam is portrayed in That 70's Show with Donna proving to Jackie that 'anyone can be a model. The confidence artist will usually obtain the victim's name from social networking sites, such as LinkedIn and Monster.
In many cases, those running the scams will create fake websites listing jobs which the victim is seeking, then contact the victim to offer them one of the positions. If the victim responds to the initial e-mail, the scammer will send additional messages to build up the victim's assurance that they are in the running, or have already been selected, for a legitimate job.
This will include asking for the victim's resume as well as assurances that a phone interview will be the "next step in the hiring process". The goal of the job offer scam is to convince the victim to release funds or bank account information to the scammer of which there are two common methods. The first is to advise the victim that they must take a test to qualify for the job and then send links to training sites which sell testing material and e-books for a fee.
The victim may also be provided with an actual on-line test which is usually a fake website created by copying questions from actual certification examinations, such as the Professional in Human Resources PHR certification or the Project manager 's exam. This may also involve e-mails containing fake tax forms attempting to gain the victim's social security number and other personally identifiable information. If the victim complies, their bank account will be emptied and their personal information used to commit identity theft.
Fraudulent directory solicitations[ edit ] This section possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
January Learn how and when to remove this template message In this scam, tens of thousands of solicitations in the guise of an invoice are mailed to businesses nationwide. They may contain a disclaimer such as "This is a solicitation for the order of goods or services, or both, and not a bill, invoice, or statement of account due. You are under no obligation to make any payments on account of this offer unless you accept this offer.
The correspondence is formatted like an invoice, often with a sequential identification number, date, personalized description of the information to be published, payment details and total amount due which includes a token discount if paid within a specified time period. The "registration" actually offers nothing beyond a vague claim that the entity sending the solicitation will submit the victim's domain name to existing search engines for an inflated fee.
It does not obligate the vendor to publish a directory, renew the underlying domain in any ICANN-based registry or deliver any tangible product. As anyone can publish a yellow page directory, the promoted book is not the incumbent local exchange carrier 's local printed directory but a rival, which may have limited distribution if it appears at all. Public records listing legal owners of new registered trademarks are also mined as a source of addresses for fraudulent directory solicitations.
The intent is that a small fractional percentage of businesses either mistake the solicitations for invoices paying them or mistake them for a request for corrections and updates to an existing listing a tactic to obtain a businessperson's signature on the document, which serves as a pretext to bill the victim. Updating is free of charge. Only sign if you want to place an insertion.
The scam requires assistants to manage the purchases and money exchanges while the pitchman maintains a high energy level. Passersby are enticed to gather and listen to a pitchman standing near a mass of appealing products. The trickster entices by referring to the high-end products, but claims to be following rules that he must start with smaller items. The small items are described, and 'sold' for a token dollar amount — with as many audience participants as are interested each receiving an item.
The pitchman makes an emotional appeal such as saying "Raise your hand if you're happy with your purchase", and when hands are raised, directs his associates to return everyone's money they keep the product. This exchange is repeated with items of increasing value to establish the expectation of a pattern.
Eventually, the pattern terminates by ending the 'auction' without reaching the high-value items, and stopping midway through a phase where the trickster retains the collected money from that round of purchases. Marks feel vaguely dissatisfied, but they have goods in their possession and the uplifting feeling of having demonstrated their own happiness several times.
The marks do not realize that the total value of goods received is significantly less than the price paid in the final round. The jam auction has its roots in carny culture. Money exchange[ edit ] This scam occurs when exchanging foreign currency.
If a large amount of cash is exchanged the victim will be told to hide the money away quickly before counting it "You can't trust the locals". A substantial amount will be missing. In some cases, insisting on counting to make sure the money is all there is the basis for a clever scam. The scam is sometimes called the Santo Domingo Sting, after an incident that took place there, reported by a journalist, Joe Harkins, who reported his involvement, in the early s.
It also requires a greedy tourist who wants to beat the official rate by dealing with illegal money changers. A person posing as an illegal money changer will approach the tourist with an offer to buy dollars at an illegal rate that may be even higher than the street rate. The changer offers to buy only large US currency, typically, a dollar bill. I'll wait while you make sure. Count it out loud so there is no mistake.
He grabs his money back, pushes the mark's bill back into his hands and takes back the pesos. The scam has been completed. Mystery shopping[ edit ] This trick, a form of advance-fee scam , is perpetrated on people who wish to be mystery shoppers. A person is sent a money order , often from Western Union , [76] or a check for a larger sum than a mystery purchase he is required to make, with a request to deposit it into his bank account , use a portion for a mystery purchase and fee, and wire the remainder through a wire transfer company such as Western Union or MoneyGram; the money is to be wired immediately as response time is being evaluated.
The cheque is fraudulent, and is returned unpaid by the victim's bank, after the money has been wired. Some fraudulent cheques can be identified by a financial professional. In any case, it is unlikely that any bona-fide provider would allocate a high-value assignment to a new shopper or proactively recruit new ones for that purpose, preferring instead to work with a pool of existing pre-vetted experienced shoppers.
Pay up or be arrested scam[ edit ] This scam is perpetrated through the phone where the caller threatens the victim with a fictitious arrest warrant. To make this threat seem real, the caller ID identifies the caller as that of local law enforcement.
Victims are told they must pay a fine to avoid arrest. Fines are in the hundreds, sometimes thousands, of dollars. The payment is requested through Western Union , Green Dot prepaid card , or similar form of untraceable currency exchange.
Pigeon drop[ edit ] The pigeon drop also called the Jamaican Switch , which is depicted early in the film The Sting , involves the mark or pigeon assisting an elderly, weak or infirm stranger to keep a large sum of money safe for him. The container is first switched for an identical one which contains no money, and a situation is engineered giving the mark the opportunity to escape, with the money, from a perceived threat e.
If the mark does so, he is fleeing from his own money, which the con artist will have kept or handed off to an accomplice. Predatory journals[ edit ] A number of predatory journals target academics to solicit manuscripts for publication. The journals charge high publication fees but do not perform the functions of legitimate academic journals—editorial oversight and peer review—they simply publish the work for cash. In this case, the mark's need for publications is the incentive for them to pay the fees.
In some cases, predatory journals will use fictional editorial boards or use respected academics' names without permission to lend a veneer of credibility to the journal. A curated database of predatory journals can be found at "Scholarly Open Access". Psychic surgery[ edit ] Psychic surgery is a con game in which the trickster uses sleight of hand to apparently remove malignant growths from the mark's body.
Sports betting is like weeds or maybe love : With the right starting conditions, it sprouts and grows. Anyone can blurt out a prediction or opinion on an upcoming game. The essence of betting is having something to lose. The Betting Contract When two people agree to a sports bet, they are creating an informal pact.
The fancy way of talking about the possible betting outcomes are that they are mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive. That means every bet has a winning side and a losing side, and any bet you make will unambiguously either win or lose. For basic sports bets, one bettor backs Team A and the other backs Team B. At the end of the game, the bettor who backed the losing team pays the bettor who backed the winning team. What could be simpler? Do overtime points count if I bet that a football or basketball team will score a certain amount of points in the 2nd half?
If I bet on a football player to rush for or more yards, and then one newspaper has him at 99 yards while another has him at yards, which one counts? I could go on. The important point to remember though is that every bet should be based on an outcome that is undeniable and obvious to all parties involved in a bet.
Once a bet is made and committed to, the terms of that bet are locked in. Neither party can renegotiate the amount risked, the payout amount, or any other conditions of the bet like the point spread. Locking in advantageous betting terms is, well, advantageous! Monetary policy Bettors must also agree on the stakes, otherwise known as the amount each person puts at risk.
If you lose the bet, you lose your stake — no more, no less. That money is in limbo until the game is over. As a requirement of making a bet at a professional establishment, you must hand over the amount you want to wager in cash, or in some cases, establish credit that you can bet against. The bookie is always kind enough to hold on to your bet until the game has been decided.
Unlike a bet between friends, the bookmaker pays you a little less than you risk. Bettor beware! This is a contest of information gathering, interpretation, and prediction, with a healthy dose of randomness thrown in. All the injuries, crazy bounces, bad calls, freak weather events, and temporary coaching insanity that you see in major sporting events are considered part of the game and therefore part of any bet you make.
When the whistle blows at the end of the game, the loser pays up, no matter how crazy the circumstances or unlikely the outcome. For the entire enterprise to work, the outcome of the contest must not be in doubt. And if you have any doubt about the integrity of a game, stay away. In any form of gambling, odds is always a term that describes the agreed-upon payout amount of a bet.
These scenarios will demonstrate some of the important concepts discussed in the preceding sections. Naveen thinks Murray is overrated. This is as straightforward a bet as you can make. At the end of the game, either Kim or Naveen will have doubled their stake. Outcomes within a single bet will always be mutually exclusive: Only one outcome or the other is possible.
When one side wins, the other side loses. Of course, there are caveats: Some sports bets have more than two possible betting options. Answer: LeBron James, Jr. A bookmaker might list a dozen players you can bet on. But when the bet is resolved, one bet wins and all the others lose. Example: Bet 1: Will the Padres score between 0 and 3 runs? Bet 2: Will the Padres score between 2 and 4 runs? Again, for each individual bet, one side is the winner, and one side is the loser.
Betting terms can change over time, causing outcomes to overlap. Best to save that discussion for a later, like Chapter 4. You need more marinating in the basics. Thank you for your courage. Example 2: Riskier business Joan overheard Kim and Naveen and wants to get on the action. She thinks Kyler Murray is going to have a huge day and is willing to bet that Murray will score at least 6 TDs! Treasury bonds. By promising a higher payout for a relatively less likely event, Naveen has given Joan better odds on her bet.
Extending the investment metaphor further, you should think of the entire sports betting arena as a marketplace. It has buyers bettors and sellers bookmakers or other bettors. A bet is a thing of value to be traded because it is a promise of a future payment, or at least a potential promise of a payment.
In sports betting, the odds are a ratio that describes the payout relative to the amount risked. No absolute dollar amount is implied. On Sunday, if Murray scores 7 touchdowns, Naveen will owe all his coworkers money. An introduction to betting with odds One thing you hopefully noticed in the examples of the preceding sections is that you need two people to make a bet.
To continue the investment marketplace metaphor, if you think of bets as items being bought and sold, the odds — again, the proportion of dollars risked to dollars won — plays the role of price. Buyers assess purchases by determining if the value they place on an item outweighs the price they must pay to own it.
If the value matches the price, the bettor will place the wager. What is value? Value is a shortcut for quantifying the worth and usefulness of an item to an individual. Value can be negative too! Being separated from your money not only decreases your bank account, but it also comes with the emotional pain of betting the wrong way.
In a basic way, when I place a value on an item that exceeds its price, I will buy it. He proposes the following schedule of payments for the bet: Outcome 1: Naveen is backing Kyler Murray. Outcome 2: Randy is backing Joe Burrow. You can translate betting odds into a set of implied probabilities, or the likelihood of each possible outcome of a bet as perceived by bettors. Probability is always expressed as a number from 0 to 1 and describes the chances of a certain outcome relative to all possible outcomes.
If you divide the losing payout of the bet by the total amount of money in play, you get the implied odds of the winning side. Is this the same thing as saying a fair coin has a. Heavens no! The probability of Kyler Murray outplaying Joe Burrow on any given Sunday is a matter of speculation. Nevertheless, implied probability is a good starting point for analyzing the value of a bet. Randy should demand bigger odds from Naveen.
RALPH S PLACE MENU FOR DIABETICS
Can you please let me finish? But there is a federal law that prevents states from allowing casinos or other entities to take bets or operate sportsbooks. Then how to you explain Las Vegas and Nevada? Fair enough. Well, attitudes in the U. A lot of cash-strapped states could really use the tax revenue, which has helped fuel this effort.
Like recreational marijuana? Exactly, like marijuana. You have been giggling quite a bit so I kind of figured that. For a while the leagues have said that sports betting harms the integrity of the game, but that position has softened. In any case, New Jersey has been trying to find a way past the leagues and around the law for almost 10 years. Not quite. Sometime before the end of June, the high court will hear arguments about why the law is or is not constitutional.
You have been giggling quite a bit so I kind of figured that. For a while the leagues have said that sports betting harms the integrity of the game, but that position has softened. In any case, New Jersey has been trying to find a way past the leagues and around the law for almost 10 years. Not quite. Sometime before the end of June, the high court will hear arguments about why the law is or is not constitutional. Is it? You promised some clarity. And therefore, they argue, the law is unconstitutional.
There is no sports betting commander. Can I hold your attention for one more minute? I think a lot of your friends may care about this subject. I think one of the takeaways here is that if New Jersey wins in the Supreme Court, the state will begin to operate sports betting in its casinos and elsewhere in its borders. Right, other takeaways are that 1 a lot of people who currently have betting accounts with sportsbooks based outside the U.
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